http://www.stapravda.ru/20161014/kazachiy_rod_tolmachevykh_iz_novoaleksandrovska__istoriya_semi_m_97235.htmlA native of the Cossack family Yury Tolmachev currently lives in Stavropol, but in Novoaleksandrovsk, the former village of Novoaleksandrovskaya, happens often. Another reason to come to my native land is the opening of the memorial plaque in honor of the Cossack Major-General Ilya Timofeevich Tolmachev, one of the sons of his great-grandfather, who was the first ataman of the village of Novoaleksandrovskaya, Timofei Doromenevich Tolmachev.
Чтобы восстановить историю потомственного древа Толмачевых, Юрий Иванович, ныне подполковник в отставке, три года изучал архивные документы, которые запрашивал из Краснодара, Ставрополя, Армавира, в том числе из закрытых архивов ФСБ и МВД. Накопился достаточно большой том разного рода исторических документов, из которых можно много почерпнуть не только о семье Толмачевых, но и об истории станицы Новоалександровской.
The fate of the grandfather Yuri Ivanovich, Timofey Tolmachev, in something similar to the fate of the literary hero Mikhail Sholokhov - Grigory Melekhov. In 1900, from the village of Novoaleksandrovskaya, he was drafted rank-and-file in the Livland Cossack regiment. On the eve of his departure for service, he was married to 20-year-old Elizaveta Dolzhenko. I used to go home very rarely. Service. But every time after the holiday from the troops to his native penates, his wife gave birth to a baby. In 1914, having already been promoted to the rank of sergeant-major, Timofei Tolmachev got on the Western Front of the First World War.
A well-adjusted life turned over when in 1917 a revolution took place in St. Petersburg and the Bolsheviks seized power. The Kuban army was dissolved, and Timothy remained out of work. From the front, he returned to his native village. The Bolsheviks who seized power at first did not belong to the Cossacks. They were remembered in 1919 - on January 24, the secret secret directive of the Orgburo of the Central Committee of the RCP (B) " On the attitude towards the Cossacks" came out , which initiated the Red Terror, which, according to some sources, destroyed more than two million Cossacks.
In 1920, General Denikin's troops left the village in connection with the successful offensive of the Red Army. The last ataman of the village I. Valyukhov, along with 18 wealthy Cossacks, left Novoaleksandrovskaya together with the White Guards.
Timofey Tolmachev was respected in the village for fairness, and it is not accidental, as it was said, in archival documents, in February 1920, " elected general commission of the indigenous and non-indigenous population of his village as commissar of the government." New power - new names. The population of this fact was perceived as the appearance of a new ataman.
However, a month later, reforms began. On instructions from above, revolutionary committees were set up at the peak of the Cossack administration. In Novoaleksandrovskaya, the Revolutionary Committee headed a trusted comrade, the laborer Vzdyhalkin, and Tolmachev was left pre-revolutionary, given his knowledge of local specifics. In October, the Cossack was killed - meanly, from an ambush. They knocked on the window of the hut, they said that the government was burning, it was necessary to extinguish ... It turned out that they just called for reprisals. It did not turn out for Timofey Tolmachev, serving the new power, to protect the Cossacks from the Red Terror. " It's still not clear who killed my grandfather," Yury Tolmachev said. - "Clients could be both conflicting parties. The reason for its elimination could be a complete confiscation of property, livestock and the housekeeping, conducted by the Revolutionary Committee on the orders of the commander of the 10th Red Army, in which he could not but participate in the post. The fact is that, despite the announced amnesty (if they return back to the village), the Cossacks who left Denikin under the leadership of I. Valyukhov appeared only in 1928-1929. Where they were all this time, it is unclear. It is known, however, that the leader, the last ataman of Novoaleksandrovskaya I. Valyukhov, was captured by the Cheka and shot for organizing an armed rebellion against violent collectivization. And the fate of his comrades was no better.
They could organize the murder of his grandfather, according to the researcher, and the Reds. It is no accident, working in the position of comrade (deputy) of the pre-revolutionary, Timofey never waited for his confirmation in office, remained acting. With the chief with the eloquent surname Vzdyhalkin, Timofei had fundamental differences about the cruel measures applied to the families of escaped Cossacks. All the same, only the elderly, women and children remained on the farm.
The shooting around the corner was not investigated by anyone. Although, it would seem, the Revolutionary Committee should have stood up for his comrade. According to the memorials of the campers, Timofey Tolmachev was a respected man. The widow of Elizabeth survived her husband for 37 years and died in March 1957. At one time, she gave birth to 13 children, but most of them died in infancy, only two survived. This is the father of Yury Ivanovich Ivan and his sister Anna.
Ivan, a private soldier of the Red Army, when the Great Patriotic War began, was surrounded by Vyazma, but managed to escape from the trap and left for the partisans in Belarus. Nobody knew what to think. The family remained in ignorance for a long time - there was no connection. And later, when our troops moved farther to the west, a long-awaited letter came from his father: he was left to restore the destroyed Byelorussia. Everything went well, but I wanted to go home most of all, and in 1947 Ivan returned to the Stavropol region.
In Stavropol, he worked at a machine-repair factory as a fitter at first, and then rose to a deputy director, without having higher education. Technician, despite the lack of special education, he was excellent.
And his son Yuri Ivanovich went on a family path - he became a military man. Today is a lieutenant colonel, already retired. He does not sit idly by. Engaged in the history of the native village, the genealogy of the Tolmachev family, one of the iconic families for today's Novoaleksandrovsk. It is the same that the fate of a single family reflects, as in a mirror, the uneasy story of a small homeland and the entire Cossacks.
