I've just read the link Sarushka provided me yesterday night - in Italy we have a game which is almost identical! It's called "1-2-3-Stella" (1,2,3 - Star) and the rules are pretty the same. Of course it's not a card game but, as Inok Nikolai made us notice, it can converted into this to allow Alexej, who was so long in bed, to play it.
We have also a game which is exactly "Mother, May I" according to the link Inok Nikolai provided us, and it's called "Nel mio castello" (In my castle). The rules are exactly the same.
It's interesting to find out that, all over the world, children play similar games with few retouches to rules, and simply giving different names!