In 1914, there were not many international breeders of French Bulldogs, since the breed was rather new, dating back to the late 1870s, and beeing recognized as a breed in the late 1890s. Frenchies have always and continue to breed by themselves. Using artificial methods is a disgrace for the breed and results in the poor specimen we can see worldwide nowadays. In the same way, a female French Bulldog only has a caesarian if there is a SERIOUS problem when the puppies arrive. A puppy girl Frenchie who was born by caesarian should never have puppies, because in her turn she will generally needs a caesarian. I have had French Bulldogs all my life, pets, not to be bred from. I am not a breeder. Breeding French Bulldogs is a matter of genuine and devoted to the breed people. French Bulldogs are healthy dogs, as far as amateur breeders do not push the standart to an hyper type of Frenchies : too cobby, too small, too low, too flat on the face. People who breed Frenchies at errands, with no knowledge of the breed, pedigrees, lines, health issues are greatly responsible for the poor state of the breed worlwide nowadays. Ortipo was a pet, she was not bred from. Her pregnancy and puppies were an accident. It did not happen again. Yes GD Tatiana wrote that the puppies were ugly and that no one knew who the father was. These things happen : one of my friend has been breeding Frenchies for the 45 past years. Once, one of her female French Bulldog who was then in season, managed to jump over the garden fences. The result was a litter of a unique puppy girl, a mixture of Corgi and Frenchie, who was named Meg the Mixture, better known as Meg the Mix !!!